formation water वाक्य
उदाहरण वाक्य
मोबाइल
- Sulfate scale usually forms when formation water and injected seawater mix together.
- But all of them were abandoned due to insurmountable high pressure formation water inflows and subsurface complications.
- These other voltages are secondary in importance to the voltage resulting from the salinity contrast between mud and formation water.
- Therefore, the SP log is commonly used to detect permeable beds and to estimate clay content and formation water salinity.
- A salinity difference between the drilling mud and the formation water acts as a natural battery and will cause several voltage effects.
- Membrane Potential develops when two electrolytes of different ionic concentrations, such as mud and formation water, are separated by shale.
- The relative salinity of the mud and the formation water will determine the which way the SP curve will deflect opposite a permeable formation.
- This " battery " causes a movement of charged ions between the hole and the formation water where there is enough permeability in the rock.
- The most important voltage is set up as a permeable formation permits ion movement, reducing the voltage between the formation water and the mud.
- The magnitude of this deflection depends mainly on the salinity contrast between the drilling mud and the formation water, and the clay content of the permeable bed.
- In the case of SP logging, the two aqueous solutions are the well bore fluid ( drilling mud ) and the formation water ( connate water ).
- Seawater has a high concentration of sulfate ions and mixing with formation water with lots of Ca 2 + and other M 2 + ions in the formation water.
- Seawater has a high concentration of sulfate ions and mixing with formation water with lots of Ca 2 + and other M 2 + ions in the formation water.
- The density of formation water in saline or marine environments, such as along the Gulf Coast, is about 9.0 ppg or 1078.43 kg / m?
- If the velocity of sound through solid rock is taken as a measurement of 0 % porosity, a slower velocity is an indication of a higher porosity that is usually filled with formation water with a slower sonic velocity.
- In 2003, a class action lawsuit against Chevron was filed in Ecuadorian court for $ 28 billion by indigenous residents, who accused Texaco of making residents ill and damaging forests and rivers by discharging of formation water into the Amazon rainforest without any environmental remediation.
- Since spontaneous potential is a measure of electrochemical potential and the ionic activity of a solution is inversely proportional to its resistivity, the above equation can be simplified as SP = " E " " C " = " K " log 10 ( " R " mfe / " R " we ), where " R " mfe and " R " we are equivalent mud filtrate resistivity and equivalent formation water resistivity respectively.
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